| Lecture slides (PDF) | Lecture videos (To be updated) | Other Info |
| Lecture 00 Course info | Instructor, textbook, policy, website, and grading | Lecture 00 homework answers & hints |
| Course objectives | |
| | Thermodynamics quick refresher | |
| | Kinetics & phase transformation vs thermodynamics | |
| | Example – steel hardness vs cooling rate | |
| | Example – B4C morphology vs synthesis condition | |
| | Topics covered and schedule | |
| | Application examples for kinetics & phase transformation | |
| Lecture 01 Diffusion – introduction | Diffusion definition and diffusing species | |
| | Different ways to classify diffusion phenomena | |
| | Descriptions-applications-characteristics of diffusion | |
| | Down-hill diffusion | |
| | Up-hill diffusion | |
| | Binary phase diagrams with miscibility gap | |
| | Additional considerations on down-hill vs up-hill diffusion | |
| Lecture 02 Atomistic mechanism of diffusion | Diffusion mechanism: Vacancy vs Interstitial | Lecture 02 homework answers & hints |
| | Atomistic model for interstitial diffusion & Fick’s 1st law | |
| | Crystal structure and concentration effects on interstitial diffusion coefficient | |
| | C interstitial diffusion in FCC-Fe | |
| | Thermal activation of diffusion | |
| Lecture 03 Steady-state & non-steady-state diffusion – Fick’s 2nd law | Steady state diffusion and concentration profile | Lecture 03 homework answers & hints |
| | Non-steady state diffusion and Fick’s 2nd Law | |
| | Change of concentration profile with time | |
| | Diffusion example – Homogenization | |
| | Diffusion example – Spin-on dopant | |
| | Diffusion example – Infinite diffusion couple | |
| | Diffusion example – Carburization and Decarburization | |
| | Diffusion length | |
| | Random walk and Diffusion length | |
| Lecture 04 Self-diffusion & vacancy diffusion | Self diffusion | |
| | Self diffusion coefficient and examples | |
| | Vacancy diffusion and relationship with self diffusion | |
| Lecture 05 Substitutional diffusion in alloys | Kirkendall effect | |
| | Atoms asymmetric movement wrt a lattice plane | |
| | Darken’s equations and Interdiffusion coefficient | |
| | Considerations on interdiffusion coefficient | |
| | Mobility and Diffusion coefficient relationship | |
| | Thermodynamic factor & relationships between self-intrinsic-inter diffusion coefficients | |
| Lecture 06 Determine diffusion coefficient & Matano analysis | Determine D when independent of concentration | |
| | Boundary conditions for general isothermal interdiffusion | |
| | Boltzmann transformation | |
| | Matano analysis for D changing with concentration | |
| | Matano interface and its significance | |
| Lecture 07 Short-circuit diffusion & reaction diffusion | Grain boundary diffusion | |
| | Temperature effect on grain bulk vs grain boundary diffusion | |
| | Diffusion along dislocations | |
| | Reaction diffusion | |
| | Reaction diffusion – Interface velocity | |
| | Down-hill diffusion in a single-phase region | |
| | Down-hill diffusion involving a two-phase region | |
| Lecture 08 Diffusion – other problems | Expectations about diffusion | Lecture 08 homework answers & hints |
| | D for interstitial carbon atoms in iron: BCC-Fe vs FCC-Fe | |
| | Successful jump frequency | |
| | Kirkendall interface moving velocity | |
| | Example for use of Darken’s equations | |
| Lecture 09 Surface energy | Classification of interfaces | |
| | Liquid-gas interfacial energy & Surface tension | |
| | Surface energy for FCC (111) plane | |
| | Surface energy for FCC (002) plane | |
| | Surface energy for FCC (220) plane | |
| | Surface energy for a plane rotating away from a low index plane | |
| | Wuff construction and crystal equilibrium shape | |
| Lecture 10 Grain boundaries | Tilt grain boundary & Twist grain boundary | |
| | Small angle grain boundaries | |
| | Tilt GB energy vs misorientation angle | |
| | Twin boundaries | |
| | Measure GB energy vs misorientation angle | |
| | Driving force for general GB migration | |
| | Driving force for GB straightening | |
| | Driving force for GB rotation | |
| | Boundary between three neighboring grains | |
| | Stability of grain shape | |
| | Grain growth kinetics | |
| | Grain boundary segregation | |
| Lecture 11 Interfaces and precipitate shape | Coherent interface | Lecture 11 homework answers & hints |
| | Semi-coherent interface | BkTiC-ZrC semi-coherent interface from
Li et al. Ceram Int 41(10) 14258 (2015) |
| | Incoherent interface | |
| | Shapes of fully coherent and incoherent precipitates | |
| | Shapes of partially coherent precipitates | |
| | Shapes of precipitates at GB | |
| | Volume strain on precipitate shape and Coherence loss in growth | |
| | Solid-liquid interfaces | |
| Lecture 12 Solidification via homogeneous nucleation | Solidification and Nucleation-growth process | |
| | Classification of nucleation-growth type phase transformations | |
| | Solidification examples | |
| | Barriers in reaction or phase transformation | |
| | Solidification via homogeneous vs heterogeneous nucleation | |
| | Free energy change in solidification via homogeneous nucleation | |
| | Driving force vs undercooling in solidification | |
| | Critical nucleus size vs undercooling in solidification | |
| | Nucleation barrier vs undercooling in solidification | |
| | Critical nucleus size vs Max cluster size – Nucleation temperature | |
| | Homogeneous nucleation rate | |
| Lecture 13 Solidification via heterogeneous nucleation | Free energy change and critical nucleus size for solidification via heterogeneous nucleation | |
| | S factor for solidification via heterogeneous nucleation | |
| | Heterogeneous nucleation rate for solidification | |
| | Other factors influencing heterogeneous nucleation rate | |
| | Two growth modes of solid from liquid for a pure element | |
| | Continuous growth for a pure element solid | |
| | Lateral growth for a pure element solid | |
| | Planar growth of a pure element solid into superheated liquid | |
| | Dendritic growth of a pure element solid into supercooled liquid | |
| Lecture 14 Alloy solidification | Alloy EQUILIBRIUM solidification | |
| | Alloy solidification with stirring | |
| | Alloy solidification with stirring – Coring | |
| | Alloy solidification with stirring – Concentration profile change | |
| | Alloy solidification with stirring – Analytical solution | |
| | Alloy solidification – NO stirring in liquid | |
| | Constitutional supercooling in alloy solidification | |
| Lecture 15 Solidification other issues | Eutectic solidification | |
| | Zones formed during solidification and controlling cast structure | |
| | Expectations for solidification and homogeneous/heterogeneous nucleation | |
| Lecture 16 Diffusional phase transformation | Introduction to solid state phase transformation | |
| | Characteristics of solid state phase transformation | |
| | 1st & 2nd order phase transformation | |
| | Phase diagrams and common solid state phase transformations | |
| Lecture 17 Nucleation in precipitation | Introduction to precipitation in solid | |
| | Homogeneous nucleation in solid | |
| | Driving force for homogeneous nucleation in solid precipitation | |
| | Nucleation rate for homogeneous precipitation | |
| | Nose-shaped curve of nucleation rate for homogeneous precipitation | |
| | Heterogeneous precipitation | |
| Lecture 18 Growth of precipitates | Precipitate growth and shape | |
| | Diffusion controlled planar growth of incoherent precipitate | |
| | Nose-shaped rate curve for precipitates growth | |
| | Growth of other precipitates | |
| Lecture 19 Spinodal decomposition | Introduction to Spinodal decomposition | |
| | Solid miscibility gap – example of Cu-Ni | |
| | Spinodal decomposition – free energy-composition curve | |
| | Spinodal decomposition – Composition change over time | |
| | Nucleation-growth within miscibility gap | |
| | Spinodal decomposition vs nucleation-growth | |
| | Driving force for spinodal decomposition | |
| | Interfacial chemical energy and coherent strain energy | |
| | Coherency strain and coherent spinodal | |
| | Wavelength for composition modulation from spinodal decomposition | |
| Lecture 20 Massive transformation and particle coarsening | Introduction to other phase transformations | |
| | Precipitate coarsening | |
| | Massive transformation | |
| | Order-disorder transformation | |
| Lecture 21 Martensite transformation | Fe-Fe3C phase diagram and Martensite transformation | |
| | Martensite transformation – At low T to meta-stable phase | |
| | Martensite transformation – Surface roughness and microstructures | |
| | Martensite transformation – Diffusionless and Athermal | |
| | Lattice misfit of C in Fe and BCT structure | |
| | Crystallography considerations for Martensite transformation in carbon steel | |
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| Lecture 22 Models for transformation kinetics | TTT and CT curves | |
| | Nucleation and growth kinetics for very low conversion | |
| | Nucleation and growth kinetics for high conversion – JMA equation | |
| | Nucleation and growth kinetics with site saturation | |
| | Nucleation and growth kinetics with diffusion control | |
| | Interpretations of JMA equation exponent factor n | |
| | Diffusion controlled 1D growth kinetics | |
| | Diffusion controlled shrinking core model | |
| | Interface controlled shrinking core model | |
| | Summary of kinetic models | |
