Michael Purvis
Ph.D. FinalJun 27, 2014, 9AM
Physics - Hammond Room
Relativistic plasma nano-photonics for ultra-high energy density physics
Abstract: The trapping of femtosecond laser pulses of
relativistic intensity deep within ordered
nanowire arrays is shown to volumetrically heat
near solid density matter transforming it into
ultra-hot highly ionized plasmas. The plasmas
were generated by focusing intense ~ 60
femtosecond duration ultra-high-contrast laser
pulses onto targets consisting of arrays of
densely packed vertically aligned nanowires 35-80
nm diameter. X-ray spectra are presented showing
that irradiation of Ni and Au nanowire arrays
heats a plasma volume several µm in depth to reach
extraordinarily high degrees of ionization (i.e.
26 times ionized Ni , 52 times ionized Au), in the
process generating gigabar level pressures.
Electron densities nearly 100 times greater than
the typical critical density and multi-keV
temperatures are achieved using laser pulses of
only 0.5 J energy. The large plasma volume and
high electron density lead to an increased
hydrodynamic-to-radiative lifetime ratio that
results in a significant increase in X-ray yield.
Measurements from a filtered photodiode array
reveal a 100X increase in emission with respect to
polished flat targets for photons with energies
greater than 9keV. Scaling to higher laser
intensities promises to create plasmas with
temperatures and pressures approaching those in
the center of the sun.
relativistic intensity deep within ordered
nanowire arrays is shown to volumetrically heat
near solid density matter transforming it into
ultra-hot highly ionized plasmas. The plasmas
were generated by focusing intense ~ 60
femtosecond duration ultra-high-contrast laser
pulses onto targets consisting of arrays of
densely packed vertically aligned nanowires 35-80
nm diameter. X-ray spectra are presented showing
that irradiation of Ni and Au nanowire arrays
heats a plasma volume several µm in depth to reach
extraordinarily high degrees of ionization (i.e.
26 times ionized Ni , 52 times ionized Au), in the
process generating gigabar level pressures.
Electron densities nearly 100 times greater than
the typical critical density and multi-keV
temperatures are achieved using laser pulses of
only 0.5 J energy. The large plasma volume and
high electron density lead to an increased
hydrodynamic-to-radiative lifetime ratio that
results in a significant increase in X-ray yield.
Measurements from a filtered photodiode array
reveal a 100X increase in emission with respect to
polished flat targets for photons with energies
greater than 9keV. Scaling to higher laser
intensities promises to create plasmas with
temperatures and pressures approaching those in
the center of the sun.
Adviser: Jorge Rocca
Co-Adviser: N/A
Non-ECE Member: Azer Yalin, Mechanical Engineering
Member 3: Carmen Menoni, Electrical Engineering
Addional Members: Mario Marconi, Electrical Engineering
Co-Adviser: N/A
Non-ECE Member: Azer Yalin, Mechanical Engineering
Member 3: Carmen Menoni, Electrical Engineering
Addional Members: Mario Marconi, Electrical Engineering
Publications:
J. Filevich, J. Grava, M. Purvis, M. C. Marconi, and J. J. Rocca, J. Nilsen, J. Dunn, and W.R. Johnson, “Prediction and observation of tin and silver plasmas with index of refraction greater than one in the soft x-ray range”, Physical Review E 74, 016404, (2006).
J. Filevich, J. Grava, M. Purvis, M. C. Marconi, J. J. Rocca, J. Nilsen, J. Dunn, and W. R. Johnson, “Multiply ionized carbon plasmas with index of refraction greater than one”, Laser and Particle Beams 25, 1 (2007).
M. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, M. C. Marconi, J. J. Rocca, J. Dunn, S. J. Moon, V. N. Shyaptsev, E. Jankowska, “Dynamics of converging laser-created plasmas in semi-cylindrical cavities studied using soft x-ray laser interferometry”, Physical Review E, 76, 046402 (2007).
J. Grava, M.A. Purvis, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J.J. Rocca, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, “Dynamics of a dense laboratory plasma jet investigated using soft x-ray laser interferometry,” Physical Review E, 78, 016403 (2008).
J. Nilsen, J.I. Castor, C.A. Iglesias, K.T. Cheng, J. Dunn, W.R. Johnson, J. Filevich, M.A. Purvis, J. Grava, and J.J. Rocca, “Understanding the anomalous dispersion of doubly-ionized carbon plasmas near 47 nm,” High Energy Density Physics, 4, pg 107-113, (2008).
M. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, E. Jankowska, and J.J. Rocca, “Soft x-ray laser interferometry of colliding laser-created plasmas in semi-cylindrical cavities,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Sciences 36, 4, 1134, (2008).
J. Grava, M.A. Purvis, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, and J.J. Rocca, “Soft X-Ray Laser Interferometry of a Dense Plasma Jet”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Sciences 36, 4, 1286, (2008).
J. Nilsen, J. I. Castor, C.A. Iglesias, K.T. Cheng, J. Dunn, W.R. Johnson, J. Filevich, M.A. Purvis, J. Grava, J. J. Rocca,, “Understanding the anomalous dispersion of doubly ionized carbon plasmas near 47nm.” High Energy Density Physics, 4 (2008).
J. Dunn, E. W. Magee, R. Shepherd, H. Chen, S. B. Hansen, S. J. Moon, G. V. Brown, M.-F. Gu, P. Beiersdorfer, and M. A. Purvis, “High resolution soft x-ray spectroscopy of low Z K-shell emission from laser-produced plasmas,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 10E314 (2008), DOI:10.1063/1.2968704
J. Filevich, M. Purvis, J. Grava, D.P. Ryan, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, and J.J. Rocca, “Bow shocks formed by plasma collisions in laser irradiated semi-cylindrical cavities,” High Energy Density Physics (2009), doi: 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.04.003
J. Colgan, J. Abdallah Jr., C. J. Fontes, D. P. Kilcrease, J. Dunn, M. Purvis, and R.W. Lee, “Non-LTE and gradient effects in K-shell oxygen emission laser-produced plasma,” High Energy Density Physics (2010), doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2010.01.015
M. A. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, D. P. Ryan, S. J. Moon, J. Dunn, V. N. Shlyaptsev and J. J. Rocca, “Collimation of dense plasma jets created by low-energy laser pulses and studied with soft x-ray interferometry,” Physical Review E 81, (2010).
N. Rohringer, D. Ryan, R.A. London, M. Purvis, F. Albert, J. Dunn, J. D. Bozek, C. Bostedt, A. Graf, R. Hill, S. P. Hau-Riege, and J. J. Rocca, Nature 481, 488.
K. C. Cone, H. A. Baldis, J. Dunn, M. J. May, M.A. Purvis, M.B. Schneider, and H.A. Scott, “Time-resolved soft x-ray spectra from laser-produced Cu plasma, Rev. Sci. Inst. 83, (2012).
C. Weninger, M. Purvis, D. Ryan, R. A. London, J. D. Bozek, C. Bostedt, A. Graf, G. Brown, J. J. Rocca, and N. Rohringer, Stimulated Electronic X-ray Raman Scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, (2013).
M. A. Purvis, V.N. Shlyaptsev, R. Hollinger, C. Bargsten, A. Pukhov, A. Prieto, Y. Wang, B. M. Luther, L. Yin, S. Wang, and J. J. Rocca. Relativistic plasma nano-photonics for ultra-high energy density physics, Nature Photonics 7, 796-780 (2013).
J. Filevich, J. Grava, M. Purvis, M. C. Marconi, and J. J. Rocca, J. Nilsen, J. Dunn, and W.R. Johnson, “Prediction and observation of tin and silver plasmas with index of refraction greater than one in the soft x-ray range”, Physical Review E 74, 016404, (2006).
J. Filevich, J. Grava, M. Purvis, M. C. Marconi, J. J. Rocca, J. Nilsen, J. Dunn, and W. R. Johnson, “Multiply ionized carbon plasmas with index of refraction greater than one”, Laser and Particle Beams 25, 1 (2007).
M. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, M. C. Marconi, J. J. Rocca, J. Dunn, S. J. Moon, V. N. Shyaptsev, E. Jankowska, “Dynamics of converging laser-created plasmas in semi-cylindrical cavities studied using soft x-ray laser interferometry”, Physical Review E, 76, 046402 (2007).
J. Grava, M.A. Purvis, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J.J. Rocca, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, “Dynamics of a dense laboratory plasma jet investigated using soft x-ray laser interferometry,” Physical Review E, 78, 016403 (2008).
J. Nilsen, J.I. Castor, C.A. Iglesias, K.T. Cheng, J. Dunn, W.R. Johnson, J. Filevich, M.A. Purvis, J. Grava, and J.J. Rocca, “Understanding the anomalous dispersion of doubly-ionized carbon plasmas near 47 nm,” High Energy Density Physics, 4, pg 107-113, (2008).
M. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, E. Jankowska, and J.J. Rocca, “Soft x-ray laser interferometry of colliding laser-created plasmas in semi-cylindrical cavities,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Sciences 36, 4, 1134, (2008).
J. Grava, M.A. Purvis, J. Filevich, M.C. Marconi, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, and J.J. Rocca, “Soft X-Ray Laser Interferometry of a Dense Plasma Jet”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Sciences 36, 4, 1286, (2008).
J. Nilsen, J. I. Castor, C.A. Iglesias, K.T. Cheng, J. Dunn, W.R. Johnson, J. Filevich, M.A. Purvis, J. Grava, J. J. Rocca,, “Understanding the anomalous dispersion of doubly ionized carbon plasmas near 47nm.” High Energy Density Physics, 4 (2008).
J. Dunn, E. W. Magee, R. Shepherd, H. Chen, S. B. Hansen, S. J. Moon, G. V. Brown, M.-F. Gu, P. Beiersdorfer, and M. A. Purvis, “High resolution soft x-ray spectroscopy of low Z K-shell emission from laser-produced plasmas,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 10E314 (2008), DOI:10.1063/1.2968704
J. Filevich, M. Purvis, J. Grava, D.P. Ryan, J. Dunn, S.J. Moon, V.N. Shlyaptsev, and J.J. Rocca, “Bow shocks formed by plasma collisions in laser irradiated semi-cylindrical cavities,” High Energy Density Physics (2009), doi: 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.04.003
J. Colgan, J. Abdallah Jr., C. J. Fontes, D. P. Kilcrease, J. Dunn, M. Purvis, and R.W. Lee, “Non-LTE and gradient effects in K-shell oxygen emission laser-produced plasma,” High Energy Density Physics (2010), doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2010.01.015
M. A. Purvis, J. Grava, J. Filevich, D. P. Ryan, S. J. Moon, J. Dunn, V. N. Shlyaptsev and J. J. Rocca, “Collimation of dense plasma jets created by low-energy laser pulses and studied with soft x-ray interferometry,” Physical Review E 81, (2010).
N. Rohringer, D. Ryan, R.A. London, M. Purvis, F. Albert, J. Dunn, J. D. Bozek, C. Bostedt, A. Graf, R. Hill, S. P. Hau-Riege, and J. J. Rocca, Nature 481, 488.
K. C. Cone, H. A. Baldis, J. Dunn, M. J. May, M.A. Purvis, M.B. Schneider, and H.A. Scott, “Time-resolved soft x-ray spectra from laser-produced Cu plasma, Rev. Sci. Inst. 83, (2012).
C. Weninger, M. Purvis, D. Ryan, R. A. London, J. D. Bozek, C. Bostedt, A. Graf, G. Brown, J. J. Rocca, and N. Rohringer, Stimulated Electronic X-ray Raman Scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, (2013).
M. A. Purvis, V.N. Shlyaptsev, R. Hollinger, C. Bargsten, A. Pukhov, A. Prieto, Y. Wang, B. M. Luther, L. Yin, S. Wang, and J. J. Rocca. Relativistic plasma nano-photonics for ultra-high energy density physics, Nature Photonics 7, 796-780 (2013).
Program of Study:
PHYS 771C
EE 777
EE 680
EE 580
EE 581
EE 580
EE 580
EE 641
PHYS 771C
EE 777
EE 680
EE 580
EE 581
EE 580
EE 580
EE 641