COLORADO ANEMOMETER LOAN PROGRAM
 

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ALMA - 6/17/2009 to 9/12/2009

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 39° 16.609’ or N 39° 16’ 37"
Longitude:
W 106° 3.278’ or W 106° 3’17"
Township:
9 S
Range:
78 W
Section:
12
Elevation (ft.):
10,299
Datum:
WGS 84
Tower Type:
NRG Tilt-Up
Tower Height (ft.):
66
Tower Height (m):
20
Vane Offset (deg):
+165°
Direction Basis:
Magnetic North
Mag. Declination:
9° 39' E, changing by 7' W/yr
Wind Explorer S/N:
1241
Site No.:
0639

 CSU ALP Install Team (from left): Mike Kostrzewa, Nick Wagner, Todd MacDonald, Jake Renquist, Derrick Benallie, Nathan Davis, and Doug Hopper (taking picture).

DATA DETAILS

June 17, 2009 to September 12, 2009:

The anemometer tower was installed on June 17, 2009. The site is located in Park County south of the Town of Alma, just south of the town's sewage treatment ponds. The site is located just off Colorado Highway 9 which leads to Hooiser Pass, with Mount Bross about 5 miles to the NW of the site and Mount Silverheels about 5 mile NE of the site. There are 20-30 feet pine trees located SW and SE from the site, but the terrain is generally smooth at the site. The winds are expected to be strong up and down the valley NW and SE.

All data is collected using an NRG #40 Calibrated Anemometer and NRG #200 Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located at a height of 20m. The certification for the anemometer is as follows:

NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometer
Model No.
1900
Serial No.
179500109728
Calibration Date
5/4/2009 3:12:53 p.m.
Slope
0.759 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.30 m/s

This equipment feeds into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. All data plugs will be sent to the Colorado ALP at Colorado State University for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Alma_0639_2009_0617_0729.A09 Alma_0639_2009_0617_0729.txt
Alma_0639_2009_0729_0912.A09 Alma_0639_2009_0729_0912.txt

It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this data an offset of +165° was applied to the wind vane data. For this report, a validation analysis was performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:

  1. Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 3 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3 degrees over 6 hours was deleted

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data. The combined data files (with and without the validation analysis), and the Windographer files (with and without the validation analysis) are given below:

Highlights of the wind resource to date at this site are shown below:

Data Properties
Variable
Data Set Starts:
6/17/2009 13:00 MST
Height above ground (m)
20
Data Set Ends:
9/12/2009 14:00
Mean wind speed (mph)
7.237
Data Set Duration:
87 days
Median wind speed (mph)
6.930
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Min wind speed (mph)
0.670
Elevation (ft.):
9,391
Max wind speed (mph)
28.26
Calm threshold (mph):
0
Mean power density (W/m²)
17
Wind Power Coefficients
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
145
Power Density at 50m:
25 W/m²
Energy pattern factor
2.054
Wind Power Class:
1 (Poor)
Weibull k
1.846
Wind Shear Coefficients
Weibull c (mph)
8.128
Power Law Exponent:
0.168
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.543
Surface Roughness:
0.1 m
Diurnal pattern strength
0.342
Roughness Class:
2.00
Hour of peak wind speed
14
Roughness Description:
Few trees
Mean turbulence intensity
0.3243
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 20m. A surface roughness of 0.1 meters was assumed for this projection. This is the surface roughness for an area with a few trees. This value was then used this to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
Standard deviation (mph)
4.0192
Frequency of calms (%)
0
Total data elements
37,602
Suspect/missing elements
189
Data completeness (%)
99.5

 

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights, allowing for losses of about 18%. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
20
7.24
74.07
0
0.1
800
1.2
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
20
7.24
40.80
0
0.1
1,200
1.3
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
20
7.24
15.78
0
0
200
2.1
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
20
7.24
47.33
0
0
400
2.4
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
20
7.24
74.07
0
0.1
600
2.2
Northern Power NW 100/20
20
100
30
7.66
43.41
0
1.9
16,400
1.9
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65
8.53
59.56
0
10.2
88,900
1.5
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5
8.79
71.57
0
16.3
142,500
1.1
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100
9.07
69.03
0
41.0
359,000
2.0
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110
9.19
54.54
0
61.3
536,900
2.5

 

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Last updated: June 2009
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