COLORADO ANEMOMETER LOAN PROGRAM
 

PROGRAM INFORMATION

Frequently Asked Questions
Colorado Wind Resource Maps
ALP Sites and Data
Small Wind Electric Systems: A Colorado Consumer's Guide
Small Wind Applications Guide Video
Donations

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Program Goals
Selection Criteria
Lessee Responsibilities
Site Layout and Anchors
Tower Safety
Data Plug Replacement
Ideal Sites
Online Application
 

WIND TURBINE RESOURCES

Zoning
Equipment Information and Dealers
Financing
Links

ABOUT US

Current and Past Personnel
Student Positions
Contact Us

PLAVIC MESA - 3/15/2006 through 6/2/2009

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 37.61080°
Longitude:
W 104.54933°
Township:
28 S
Range:
64 W
Section:
15
Elevation (ft.):
6,420
Tower Type:
NRG Tilt-Up
Tower Height (ft.):
98
Tower Height (m):
30
Vane Offset (deg):
+315° and 41° (see below)
Direction Basis:
True North
Mag. Declination:
9° 31' E, changing by 7' W/yr
Site Number:
1237 and 0006
Wind Explorer S/N:
1237

DATA DETAILS

March 15, 2006 through March 6, 2007:

This anemometer tower is owned by the San Isabel Electric Association. It was installed by SIEA on March 15, 2006. Also known by the name Williams, the site is 1.2 miles east-southeast of the town of Walsenburg. The tower is located on Plavic Mesa, which is elevated 200 to 300 feet above the surrounding terrain. Ravines and canyons characterize the landscape to the east. Vegetation is primarily range land with small trees and brush growing in the ravines.

All data is being collected using an NRG #40 Anemometer and NRG #200P Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located on the landowner's property at a height of 30m. This equipment feeds into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. Seven data plugs were sent into the Governor's Energy Office and then to the University of North Dakota for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2006_0727_1017.A06 Plavic_Mesa_1237_2006_0727_1017.txt
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2006_1017_0111.A06 Plavic_Mesa_1237_2006_1017_0111.txt
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0111_0306.A07 Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0111_0306.txt
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0306_0511.A07 Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0306_0511.txt

It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.

Note that data from wind vane fails quality assurance beginning July 9, 2006. The wind vane apparently failed on this date.

Based on measurements taken by SIEA personnel during the tower installation, the wind vane was pointing at 41° 44' E from true north, so a data logger reading of 0° should actually be 41° 44' E. However, for this data, UND applied an offset of +315° to the wind vane data. The wind vane orientation will be confirmed again with onsite measurements. The data from June 28, 2006 through July 8, 2007 using a +315° offset and wind resource summary report for the period from March 15, 2006 through March 6, 2007 are available here:

March 6, 2007 through June 2, 2009:

CSU was chosen as the contractor for the program on September 14, 2007. Data collected since is given below:

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0511_0927.A07 Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0511_0927.txt
Plavic_Mesa_1237_2007_0927_0314.txt
Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0314_0527.A08 Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0314_0527.txt
Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0527_0903.A08 Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0527_0903.txt
Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0903_1120.A08 Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_0903_1120.txt
Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_1120_0109.A08 Plavic_Mesa_0006_2008_1120_0109.txt
Plavic_Mesa_0006_2009_0109_0602.A09 Plavic_Mesa_0006_2009_0109_0602.txt

Again, it is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset or temperature.

Using the raw data from all data plugs for this site, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this data, an offset of +41° was applied to the wind vane data. For this report, a data validation analysis was performed for the period from March 15, 2006 through September 3, 2008. This data was filtered as follows:

  1. Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 5 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data where the direction changed less than 3° over 6 hours was deleted.

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data.

In addition, the wind direction data was removed for the period from 17:40 on 7/9/2006 when the wind vane sensor failed through 9:40 on 6/11/2008 when the sensor was replaced.

The combined data files and the Windographer files are given below in one of three ways: the combined raw data, the combined raw data with the bad sensor data removed from 7/9/2006 through 6/11/2008; and the combined raw data with the bad sensor data removed and validated data offset +41°as follows:

Current Wind Resource Summary

Highlights of the wind resource to date at this site are shown below:

Data Properties
Variable
Data Set Starts:
3/15/2006 14:50
Height above ground (m)
30
Data Set Ends:
6/2/2009 07:00
Mean wind speed (mph)
14.565
Data Set Duration:
3.2 years
Median wind speed (mph)
12.80
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Min wind speed (mph)
0.40
Elevation (ft.):
6,420
Max wind speed (mph)
71.20
Calm threshold (mph):
0
Mean power density (W/m²)
331
Wind Power Coefficients
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
2,900
Power Density at 50m:
396 W/m²
Energy pattern factor
2.372
Wind Power Class:
3 (Fair)
Weibull k
1.682
Wind Shear Coefficients
Weibull c (mph)
16.336
Power Law Exponent:
0.121
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.837
Surface Roughness:
0.01 m
Diurnal pattern strength
0.068
Roughness Class:
0.780
Hour of peak wind speed
19
Roughness Description:
Rough Pasture
Mean turbulence intensity
0.1511
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 30m. A surface roughness of 0.01 meters was assumed for this projection. This is equal to that of a rough pasture. This value was then used to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
Standard deviation (mph)
8.992
Frequency of calms (%)
0
Total data elements
507,459
Suspect/missing elements
106,228
Data completeness (%)
79.1

 

The bad wind vane data was removed to make this wind rose

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights, allowing for losses of about 13%. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
30
14.57
21.94
8.18
1.9
17,000
25.9
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
30
14.57
11.10
5.29
2.2
19,500
22.3
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
30
14.57
3.96
12.11
0.3
2,600
29.8
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
30
14.57
19.75
0
0.5
4,400
27.7
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
30
14.57
21.73
10.12
0.9
8,100
30.7
Northern Power NW 100/20
20
100
30
14.57
30.54
0
18.1
158,800
18.1
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65
15.99
18.53
1.95
169.1
1,481,200
25.6
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5
16.41
23.08
9.63
360.4
3,157,500
24.0
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100
16.85
22.31
5.68
552.9
4,843,300
27.6
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110
17.05
17.12
10.95
757.5
6,636,000
30.3

 

 


For more information Contact Us!

 



Disclaimer | Equal Opportunity | Contact CSU
© 2008 Mechanical Engineering,
Colorado State University. All Rights Reserved.
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA (970) 491-7709
Last updated: June 2009
Email questions & comments to: michael@engr.colostate.edu
This page is Javascript enabled. Turn on Javascript to view.