COLORADO ANEMOMETER LOAN PROGRAM
 

PROGRAM INFORMATION

Frequently Asked Questions
Colorado Wind Resource Maps
ALP Sites and Data
Small Wind Electric Systems: A Colorado Consumer's Guide
Small Wind Applications Guide Video
Donations

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Program Goals
Selection Criteria
Lessee Responsibilities
Site Layout and Anchors
Tower Safety
Data Plug Replacement
Ideal Sites
Online Application
 

WIND TURBINE RESOURCES

Zoning
Equipment Information and Dealers
Financing
Links

ABOUT US

Current and Past Personnel
Student Positions
Contact Us

WALSENBURG AIRPORT NORTH (POTTS)

3/6/2006 through 11/20/2008

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 37.70780°
Longitude:
W 104.8112°
Township:
27 S
Range:
66 W
Section:
7
Elevation (ft.):
6,190
Tower Type:
NRG Tilt-Up
Tower Height (ft.):
98
Tower Height (m):
30
Vane Offset (deg):
+115° (see below)
Direction Basis:
True North
Mag. Declination:
9° 31' E, changing by 7' W/yr
Site Number:
1238 and 0007
Wind Explorer S/N:
1238

DATA DETAILS

March 6, 2006 through March 6, 2007:

This anemometer tower is owned by the San Isabel Electric Association. It was installed in a pasture by SIEA on March 6, 2006. Also known by the name Potts, the site is 1.5 miles northeast of the airport (Johnson Field) and approximately 6 miles north-northwest of the town of Walsenburg. Interstate Highway 25 is located about 1,500 feet west of the tower.

All data is being collected using an NRG #40 Anemometer and NRG #200P Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located on the landowner's property at a height of 30m. This equipment feeds into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. Seven data plugs were sent into the Governor's Energy Office and then to the University of North Dakota for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2006_0727_1017.A06 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2006_0727_1017.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2006_1017_0111.A06 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2006_1017_0111.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2007_0111_0306.A07 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_1238_2007_0111_0306.txt

It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.

It is also important to note that there is a data plug file missing and unavailable for the period from 2/24/2006 through 4/5/2006.

For this data, UND applied no offset to the wind vane data. The data from February 1, 2006 through March 6, 2007 using no offset and the wind resource summary report for the same period are available here:

March 6, 2007 through November 20, 2008:

CSU was chosen as the contractor for the program on September 14, 2007. Data collected since is given below:

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2007_0511_0927.A07 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2007_0511_0927.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2007_0927_0314.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0314_0527.A08 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0314_0527.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0527_0903.A08 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0527_0903.txt
Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0903_1120.A08 Walsenburg_Airport_North_Potts_0007_2008_0903_1120.txt

Again, it is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset or temperature.

Wind Vane Offset

Based on measurements taken by SIEA personnel during the tower installation, the wind vane boom was pointing at 10° 27' W from true north. Other measurements showed that when the wind vane was pointing 135° 20' the datalogger was showing 208°, indicating that an offset of 287° should be applied to the wind vane data. However, applying this offset yields a wind rose with the predominate wind direction from due north, which is counter to anecdotal experience and to the wind data collected at the Walsenburg Airport - South site.

Onsite readings taken on September 3, 2008 showed that when the wind vane was pointing to 226° magnetic north the datalogger was reading 120°. Allowing the a magnetic declination of 9°E, the offset to true north is (226° + 9°) - 120° = 115°. When this offset is applied, the wind rose shows that the wind direction is predominately from the south. Further measurements will be taken onsite to attempt to confirm the correct offset

Using the raw data from all data plugs for this site, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.13. For this data, an offset of 115° was applied to the wind vane data for the period from March 6, 2007 through September 3, 2008. A data validation analysis was then performed on the wind speed and wind vane data. This data was filtered as follows:

  1. Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 3 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data where the direction changed less than 3° over 8 hours was deleted.

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data. The combined data files (with and without data validation and offset), and the Windographer files (with and without data validation and offset) are given below:

Current Wind Resource Summary

Highlights of the wind resource at this site through the most recent data ending on November 20, 2008 are shown below:

Data Properties
Variable
Data Set Starts:
2/1/2006 7:30
Height above ground (m)
30
Data Set Ends:
11/20/2008 12:40
Mean wind speed (mph)
14.87
Data Set Duration:
34 months
Median wind speed (mph)
13.20
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Min wind speed (mph)
0.574
Elevation (ft.):
6,190
Max wind speed (mph)
64
Calm threshold (mph):
0
Mean power density (W/m²)
349
Wind Power Coefficients
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
3,057
Power Density at 50m:
439 W/m²
Energy pattern factor
2.334
Wind Power Class:
4 (Good)
Weibull k
1.630
Wind Shear Coefficients
Weibull c (mph)
16.579
Power Law Exponent:
0.121
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.802
Surface Roughness:
0.01 m
Diurnal pattern strength
0.014
Roughness Class:
0.780
Hour of peak wind speed
23
Roughness Description:
Rough Pasture
Mean turbulence intensity
0.1793
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 30m. A surface roughness of 0.01 meters was assumed for this projection. This is equal to that of a rough pasture. This value was then used to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
Standard deviation (mph)
9.225
Frequency of calms (%)
0
Total data elements
442,029
Suspect/missing elements
835
Data completeness (%)
99.8

 

 

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights, allowing for losses of about 13%. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
30
14.87
23.01
9.52
2.0
17,600
26.8
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
30
14.87
12.11
5.77
2.3
20,100
22.9
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
30
14.87
4.98
13.68
0.3
2,700
30.6
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
30
14.87
20.73
0
0.5
4,400
28.2
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
30
14.87
22.83
11.53
0.9
8,200
31.3
Northern Power NW 100/20
20
100
30
14.87
31.66
0
18.8
164,700
18.8
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65
16.57
18.94
2.05
178.1
1,560,300
27.0
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5
17.07
23.41
11.11
390
3,416,100
26.0
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100
17.60
22.38
6.68
587.9
5,150,300
29.4
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110
17.83
17.02
13.19
803.5
7,038,300
32.1

 


For more information Contact Us!

 



Disclaimer | Equal Opportunity | Contact CSU
© 2008 Mechanical Engineering,
Colorado State University. All Rights Reserved.
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA (970) 491-7709
Last updated: June 2009
Email questions & comments to: michael@engr.colostate.edu
This page is Javascript enabled. Turn on Javascript to view.